First assignment of group n° 020

Resources used by the team

NAME OF THE MEMBER OF THE TEAM	ACCESSED RESOURCES
Bassan Camille	Videos: Video 1 : Flip your thinking on AIDS in Africa [1] Video 2 : From drugs to dance in the South African Slums [2] Video 3 : The face of AIDS in Africa [3] Book : South African women living with HIV : global lessons from local voices . Author : A.Aulette-Root , F.Boonzaier , J.Aulette Publisher : Indiana University Press 2014 Documents: Article 1 : Trendy townships [4] Article 2 : Project Spotlight : Alexandra township Johannesburg , South Africa [5] Article 3 : Friends of Alexandra [6] Article 4 : Nelson Mandela: South Africa's townships, then and now [7] Article 5 : A cultural experience: townships in South Africa [8]
RUNGHEN Deenum	Videos: Video 1 : Could we cure HIV with lasers [9] Video 2 : How paintings can transform communities [10] Video 3 : Mothers helping Mothers fight HIV [11] Book : A different kind of AIDS , Folk and lay theories in South Afircan townships Author : D. Dickinson Publisher : Fanele (Jacana Media) 2014 Documents: Article 1 : Kwazulu-Natal on International AIDS conference 2016 [12] Article 2 : The economics of South African townships [13] Article 3 : Townships in the South African geographical landscape [14] Article 4 : Self esteem, art and the fight against HIV and AIDS[15] Article 5 : Dangerous lies: healer cures KZN man of HIV [16]
MOUSSARON Marielle	Videos: Video 1 : South Africa keen to combat HIV spread in Kwa Zulu-Natal [17] Video 2 : Voices in Motion - Youth Representations of HIV/AIDS in Dududu, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa [18] Video 3 : Zinhle Thabethe Explains Some of the Challenges of the HIV Epidemic in KZN, South Africa [19] Book : AIDS, Intimacy and Care un Rural KwaZulu-Natal, A Kinship of Bones Patricia C. Henderson Amsterdam University Press 2011 Documents: Article 1 : Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance after Failure of a First Highly Active Antiretroviral Regimen in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa [20] Article 2 : South Africa hiv aids statistics [21] Article 3 : Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance after Failure of a First Highly Active Antiretroviral Regimen in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa [22] Article 4 : Continued very high prevalence of HIV infection in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A population-based longitudinal study [23] Article 5 : High Coverage of ART Associated with Decline in Risk of HIV Acquisition in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa [24]
DUPONT Pauline	Videos: Video 1 : South Africa's townships, twenty years after apartheid [25] Video 2 : CNN: South Africa AIDS [26] Video 3 : Working to prevent HIV/AIDS infection in South Africa [27] Book : HIV in South Africa : Talking about the Big Thing Author : Corinne Squire Publisher : Routledge Editions 2007 Documents: Article 1 : : SA had the highest number of new HIV infections worldwide [28] Article 2 : Township art against the odds : Bataki Collective [29] Article 3 : AIDS progress, South Africa is in Peril [30] Article 4 : A look at HIV/AIDS in South Africa in 2014 [31] Article 5 : South Africa: Over 25% of Schoolgirls HIV positive [32]
YANG Songyang	Videos: Video 1 : In Grandma’s care: Grandmothers caring for Africa’s AIDS orphans [33] Video 2: Insights on HIV, in stunning data visuals [34] Video 3: The wonder of Zulu Wire Art [35] Book : The culture of AIDS in Africa: Hope and healing through Music and the arts Author : Gregory Barz Publisher: Judah .M. Cohen 2011 Documents: Article 1 : Township swing: Tony Elvin’s campaign to move the heart of Cape Town [36] Article 2 : South African townships [37] Article 3 : Three approaches to beating the AIDS epidemic in South Africa [38] Article 4 : Twenty years about Apartheid [39] Article 5 : US to spend $300 million to fight HIV in Africa [40]
MIRE Axelle	Videos: Video 1 : There’s still that sigma [41] Video 2 : African Rationales: Challenging Western Views on HIV/AIDS in South Africa [42] Video 3 : Life, Above all (3 mini clips) [43] Book : Gender Equality, HIV, and AIDS: A Challenge for the Education Sector Author : Sheila Aikman, Elaine Unterhalter, Tania Boler Publisher : Edition Oxfam, 2008 Documents: Article 1 : HIV and AIDS in South Africa [44] Article 2 : A history of official Government HIV/AIDS policy in South Africa [45] Article 3 : Africa Check: Why scientific AIDS explanations struggle in South African township [46] Article 4 : ‘Jesus had HIV’ sermon sparks South African fury [47] Article 5 : HIV/AIDS, growth and poverty in KwaZulu-Natal and South Africa: an integrated survey, demographic and economy-wide analysis [48]
LI Jia	Videos: Video 1: Eradication and Prevention: Technology, Social Media, and HIV/AIDS in South Africa [49] Video 2: HIV/AIDS in South Africa [50] Video 3: HIV Spread in South Africa [51] Book : HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On: Psychosocial Perspectives Authors: Poul Rohleder, Leslie Swartz, Seth C. Kalichman, Leickness Simbayi Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media, 2009. Documents: Article 1: HIV/AIDS in South Africa [52] Article 2: HIV/AIDS in South Africa [53] Article 3: How to Attain Population Sustainability [54] Article 4: How to run prevention and education programmes and campaigns [55] Article 5: The Media and HIV/AIDS: Making a difference [56]

First description of our project

First description of our project's idea
Resolving the issue of inneficient AIDS/HIV awareness and educational campaigns in townships of Kwazulu-Natal (South Africa)

1. What Problem do you want to solve ?
In 2014 , 6.8 million people were reported to be HIV positive in South Africa. Each year 370 000 are said to be infected and 240 000 die of AIDS. The people touched by HIV/AIDS are predominantly black South Africans (13.6 % of black South-Africans are said to be HIV positive against 3% only for white South Africans) . The epidemic is mainly concentrated in townships (“under developed urban areas of predominantly black occupation formerly designated for black occupation by apartheid legislation “) . The townships of Kwazulu-Natal are the ones most touched by this disease. Despite billion-dollar campaigns launched by the South African government , other countries (US : $484 million in 2013 PEPFAR project) and NGOs , AIDS/HIV is still a major problem in those areas. After seeing those numbers , it can no longer be denied that the western awareness and educational campaigns concerning HIV/AIDS are inefficient.. This type of communication is not appropriate in South African townships.We thus want to resolve the issue of inequadate AIDS/HIV campaigns in townships of Kwazulu-Natal.

Evolution of HIV in South Africa

2. Why does this problem exist?

This problem has multiple sources. Although all of them cannot be enumerated , the principal causes can still be mentioned.

• Alternative explanation of AIDS within the townships.

Townships are areas where traditional african beliefs are still prominent. Thus there are alternative explanations for AIDS. Those theories promote stigmas and discrimination towards the HIV/AIDS community. They also enable a progression of the epidemic. Due to the pre existing conceptions and stigmas , western campaigns cannot be efficient. Indeed people with AIIDS/HIV do not disclose their status and not seek an explanation to their disease. This increases the risk of spreading the epidemic.

• Mistrust towards western educational and awareness campaigns

It cannot be denied that large scale campaigns have been launched in townships. However even though people now have a better knowledge of AIDS/HIV and how it can be transmitted , they do not change their behaviour. Only having a western explanation is not enough in those areas. In order to truly change a community , the campaigns need to take in account the townships’ traditions.

• Not enough importance accorded to educational and awareness campaigns

As a result of our research , we have stumbled upon an interesting fact. Even tough AIDS/HIV seems to be an important issue in the western culture , it does not seem to be the case in townships. Indeed townships are plagued by numerous problems : tuberculosis , malaria , poverty , malnutrition , drugs… Due to these issues life expectancy is already limited. AIDS/HIV is just another added problem.

3. What breakthrough are you commited to creating?

We are not looking for a cure for HIV/AIDS. We are focused on finding an appropriate and innovative means of spreading information about HIV and AIDS in townships , as traditional media and western educational campaigns fail to change behaviours in those areas.

Finding the appropriate way to explain HIV/AIDS will have two major impact :

• Decrease the stigmatisation of the AIDS/HIV community
• Contain the transmission of AIDS within those areas

As Nelson Mandela once said : “ May your choices reflect your hope , not your fears”

Potential experts already identified

Robin Binckes : Partner of Friends of Alexandra (rob@spearofthenation.co.za). Likelyhood : 7/10
Emily Oster : Associate professor of economics (Emily_Oster@brown.edu). Likelyhood : 4/10
Erasmus Morah : UNAIDS Country Director ( +27123548474/ morahe@unaids.org). Likelyhood : 6/10
Fraser G.McNeill : Author of the culture of AIDS in Africa (University of Pretoria). Likelyhood : 4/10

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