First assignment of group n° 030

First description of our project's idea Title of your project : SHARING

1. What Problem do you want to solve ?

Nowadays, we live in a society using more and more energies due to the increase of global population and urbanization, and it is now clear that global energetic consumption should increase of 40% by the end of 2035, and double before 2050 based on the predictions of the World Council of Energy. Nonetheless we are still facing a deep energetic poverty with around 30% of the world population living without any access to any form of modern energies, that problem adding to the economic growth and the ecological concerns –such as pollution, global warming and reductions of greenhouse gas emissions- constitute tomorrow’s big international issues.

The main questions we’re asking ourselves is if we’re going to have a lack of energy in the next century, indeed if we keep our current rhythm of economic and demographic development, the world will need 3 times more energies in 2050 than today to cover the needs of 9,5 billion people. It seems clear here that the world’s need in energies.

Given that alarming observation, developing renewable energies appear to be the best way to satisfy Earth’s needs in energy. On the 12th of august 2014, our department of ecology and sustainable development announced in a report that France is the second European country producing the more renewable energies after Germany, nevertheless only remains the thirteenth consumer. However according to French national institute of statistical and economic information, French households have to face since 2011 an increase in energy’s prices that affects company’s profitability as well. Increasing the attention on renewable energies, could allow our country to reach higher energy independence, those green energies being plentiful and straightly accessible in French territory. Besides as well as it could help the struggle against global warming, it could create new job sectors.

All those reasons had lead us to start asking ourselves how can we manage to provide renewable energies to a large number of French household at a lower cost. Indeed today the cost of installation of a photo-voltaic solar panel can go from 10 000€ to 12 000€, that number explains that few household can afford the switch to renewable energies. Renewable energies referring to dozens of different types of energies we have decided to focus on electricity that can be produced by solar energy, wind energy and hydraulic energy.

2. Why does this problem exist?

The energy sector is responsible of 60 % of CO2 emissions in the world. The C02 is a really bad thing for the planet. It's not only affecting the atmosphere (global warming), it's also making the oceans about 30% more acidic, affecting a wide variety of sea organisms. The consequences of too much CO2 in the atmosphere can be really dangerous for people health as well. We all know that the energy is essential in the lifestyle of the developed and industrialized countries. Today, there is a real stake for the reduction of our CO2 emissions. It would thus be necessary to find an ecological solution which would allow to mitigate this problem. Energy renewable represents an interesting alternative. TREIA's definition of renewable energy has been adopted by the Texas legislature, and is as follows: "Renewable energy: Any energy resource that is naturally regenerated over a short time scale and derived directly from the sun (such as thermal, photochemical, and photoelectric), indirectly from the sun (such as wind, hydropower, and photosynthetic energy stored in biomass), or from other natural movements and mechanisms of the environment (such as geothermal and tidal energy). Renewable energy does not include energy resources derived from fossil fuels, waste products from fossil sources, or waste products from inorganic sources." These last years, the production in energy in increased in particular in France and in Europe. The renewable energies do not engender or few waste or polluting emissions. They participate in the fight against the greenhouse effect and the rejections of CO2 in the atmosphere, facilitate the management reasoned by the local resources. They have a lot of advantages. However, as mentioned in the definition given by TREIA, these energies are supplied by natural phenomenas, and are consequently directly dependent on weather conditions. For instance: - The Aeolian energy, only when there is wind - The solar energy, when there is sunshine, and only during the day - The hydraulic energy, we need water - Only the nuclear is a constant energy (but there is a huge polemic about this one) Some region are eligible to use resources that other cannot. Depending on where you live in France, you would not be able to use solar energy that much. Or conversely, you would not be able to use hydraulic energy. An additional problem of renewable energies is the problem of storage. Electricity cannot be efficiently stored in large quantities for later use, so there is a loss of energy created, that could be used by other people. We could stock it, but the way to do it would be really polluting. Finally, not everybody has the financial resources to install these kind of equipment. Thus, our project could be the solution of all these problems. No more loss of energy: people would share it, and we would not have to problem to stock it, and then to pollute. To finish with the economical aspect, if shared, the cost would be shared as well, so the price would be more economical and accessible to everyone.

3. What breakthrough are you committed to creating?

We are committed to create a platform that will enable a large number of citizens to have access to renewable energy in order to fulfill their domestic needs. We know as a fact that if some people are producing more energy in their garden, than they need to use, others can not, nevertheless they really want to commit themselves into more sustainable values and would like to switch to greener energies.

The platform we are dedicating to set up will enable the exchange of energy between people in need and people in holding of an excess of energy produced. The use of renewable energies is a commitment to a more sustainable future and appears to be necessary if we want to prevent global warming. the limitation of global warming up to 2°Celsius is a common concerns in the different governments' agendas, and it is undeniable that this energy's sharing project can only be beneficial to our planet.

It will also allow the population to save money by providing themselves with green energy thanks to The platform, connecting people from different regions each having its own climates that will allow people to have a constant access to various forms of renewable energies.

Potential experts already identified

- Consultant in energy renewable consultant agency

- Thomas Plassard; a passionate of eolienne http://www.reporterre.net/Il-faut-se-reapproprier-le-vent

- Hugh Pigott’s ( created eolienne) http://www.tripalium.org/eolienne-piggott

Access Resources :

Maxence Luiten : Video : http://youtu.be/uStFvcz9Or4 Video : https://vimeo.com/120979374 Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=deT0_ERH7ls

Book : Les énergies renouvelables 2004 de Jean-Christian Lhomme

Article : http://www2.epa.gov/re-powering Article : http://www.jayhanson.us/page84.html Article : http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/mobile/index.php#Page?title=Renewable%20energy%20statistics&lg=fr Article : https://energiesrenouvelables.wordpress.com/part3/ Article : http://gouberville.etab.ac-caen.fr/sites/gouberville.etab.ac-caen.fr/IMG/pdf/energiesRenouvelables-2.pdf

Mariama Sow Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eiBiB4DaYOM&spfreload=10 Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sddb0Khx0yA Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IEWYLbQXg4U

Book : Intégrer les énergies renouvelables : Choisir, intégrer et exploiter les systèmes utilisant les énergies renouvelables2014

Article : http://www.nucleaire-nonmerci.net/energiesrenouvelables.html Article : http://versdenouveauxhorizons.centerblog.net/m/ Article : http://www.2020energy.eu/sites/default/files/pdf/sources_d_energie_renouvelable.pdf Article : http://www.ddmagazine.com/2794-Transition-energetique-comment-stocker-lelectricite-renouvelable.html Article : http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/Les-impacts-lies-a-la-production-d.html

Sandra Zedam Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zGHsXljf3fQ Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=976kdPa0r_M Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bKrcolUGWxk

Book : Les illusions renouvelables : Energie et pouvoir : une histoire 2015 de José Ardillo

Article : https://lejournal.cnrs.fr/videos/energies-renouvelables-le-defi-du-stockage Article : http://www.ihest.fr/la-mediatheque/dossiers-123/l-energie-situation-et/les-points-faibles-des-energies Article : http://hacking-social.com/2015/04/09/une-france-100-energie-renouvelable-en-2050-cest-possible/ Article : http://www.alternatives-economiques.fr/comment-financer-les-energies-renouvelables_fr_art_1134_57828.html Article : http://antoine.petiteau.pagesperso-orange.fr/EnergiesRenouvelables/Pourquoi.html

Claire Santadrea Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIj8EuEJ8FY Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57hYEeABnww Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cuw73y8B4Uk

Book : Transition énergétique pour tous : Ce que les politiques n'osent pas vous dire 2013 de Jean-Marc Jancovici

Article : http://m.actu-environnement.com/actualites/cout-energies-renouvelables-cour-comptes-19170.html Article : http://thiers.stephane.free.fr/energieB3.htm Article : http://www.greenpeace.org/france/fr/campagnes/energie-et-climat/fiches-thematiques/les-energies-renouvelables-en-france/ Article : http://www.manicore.com/documentation/stockage.html Article : https://mrmondialisation.org/la-premiere-ville-americaine-qui-tourne-a-100-denergie-renouvelable/

Vincent Renassia Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EkILKYA3Kr8 Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k97gl0ofYbM Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tS7VoXO57D4

Book : Les capteurs solaires à air : Réaliser, Installer, Gérer 2014 de Guy Isabel

Article : http://www.les-energies-renouvelables.eu/avantages-et-inconvenients-de-lenergie-eolienne.html Article : http://www.debatinginnovation.org/docs/di/DI_2012_02-03_078-083.pdf Article : http://www.bon-choix.com/energie-renouvelable-developpement-durable-et-environnement/ Article : http://www.ufc-quechoisir-ain.org/actualites/communiques/energies-renouvelables-aspects-techniques-et-juridiques-1-151.htm Article : http://www.changement-climatique.fr/

Nathalie Devolder Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pO6ShHM66C0 Video : http://www.universcience.tv/video-stocker-les-energies-renouvelables-7571.html Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SFV0RcaaZWo

Book : La troisième révolution industrielle - Jeremy Rifkin

Article : http://www.courantpositif.fr/gridmates-la-plateforme-collaborative-de-partage-delectricite/ Article : http://journaldelenergie.com/renouvelables/la-france-miraculee-des-energies-renouvelables/ Article : http://www.reporterre.net/Il-faut-se-reapproprier-le-vent Article : http://www.energies-vertes.fr/Energie_renouvelable_Contraintes_et_limites/18/ Article : http://www.defisenergetiques.fr/index.php?article3%2Fpourquoi-recourir-a-l-energie-renouvelable

Jennyfer Chevalet Rousseau Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DRekEYGB5Y Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tS7VoXO57D4 Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VgBozSSqjxs

Book : Intégrer les énergies renouvelables : Choisir, intégrer et exploiter les systèmes utilisant les énergies renouvelables 2014de Alain Filloux

Article : http://www.solarschools.net/resources/stuff/advantages_and_disadvantages.aspx Article : http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/smart-energy-solutions/increase-renewables/barriers-to-renewable-energy.html Article : http://www.businessinsider.com/renewable-energy-storage-problem-2013-11?IR=T Article : http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/Politique-de-developpement-des,13554.html Article : http://ecocito.eu/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Les-énergies-renouvelables.pdf